Hello Arun, thanks for sharing.
I suspect the problem is your USB to Type C connector; those adapters can sometimes silently downgrade USB speeds. I tested using a USB mass storage device that has both a USB-A and a USB-C port, and I verified USB SS speeds using CrystalDiskMark and fio.
PNY DUO LINK V3 USB 3.2 Gen 2 Dual Flash Drive
I've attached the logs I see when I attach this USB Stick:
root@agilex5e:~# dmesg | grep USB
[ 1.480973] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0.auto: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[ 1.510119] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0.auto: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[ 1.517753] xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0.auto: Host supports USB 3.1 Enhanced SuperSpeed
[ 1.525956] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 1.542405] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 4.732358] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 37.071576] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using xhci-hcd
[ 37.446512] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[ 38.497114] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access PNY USB 3.2.2 FD PMAP PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
During U-Boot:
SOCFPGA_AGILEX5 # usb start
starting USB...
Bus usb@10b00000: Port not available.
Bus usb31@11000000: probe failed, error -110
No USB controllers found
scanning usb for storage devices... 0 Storage Device(s) found
SOCFPGA_AGILEX5 #
Please note that I built this Linux image using the newer GSRD 2.0 (tested with Quartus® Prime 25.3), which uses Kas to manage Yocto layers, but the Linux configurations should be the same as the 'classic' GSRD.
Rebuilding GSRD 2.0 Binaries