How do I do line by line timing analysis in Quartus Prime Timing Analyzer?

I understood your intention however I don't think Quartus able to do that. In Quartus failing path only shown in STA report as it is, If you need the path b/w of the failing, (seem like a chain path of that node). you probably need to manually report timing (playing with from/to of intention node to manually compare it which I think bit tedious).

Let me know if there is any concern.