Writing to SRAM

--- Quote Start ---

Does anyone have a tutorial that shows me how to write to Memory using SOPC?

--- Quote End ---

This one shows you how to use on-chip SRAM.

http://www.alterawiki.com/wiki/using_the_usb-blaster_as_an_sopc/qsys_avalon-mm_master_tutorial

The PDF has an appendix with links to Altera's online resources.

For external memory interfaces you can read:

http://www.altera.com/literature/lit-external-memory-interface.jsp

For external SRAM, look at the tri-state bridge component.

Cheers,

Dave

Thanks Dave, you are the best.

In your opnion, what is the best way to write to SRAM on DE2 board?

Here is what I did. I established an RS232 commuincation between PC and the Board and It was great. However, the RS232 program such as HyperTerminal, PuTTY, and Tera Time are not realiable! Sometimes I can transfer a whole file o.k and other times I can't ?!!!

what is your advice? Please help.

Mona

Many Thanks :)

--- Quote Start ---

I established an RS232 commuincation between PC and the Board and It was great. However, the RS232 program such as HyperTerminal, PuTTY, and Tera Time are not realiable! Sometimes I can transfer a whole file o.k and other times I can't ?!!!

--- Quote End ---

Can you confirm that its the PC that is the problem? Perhaps it is the FPGA. If the RS232 interface does not implement the CTS/RTS handshake wires, then you could be overrunning your buffers in the FPGA. What is processing your RS232 data; is it a state machine, or a NIOS II processor?

The tutorial I linked to shows how to use the JTAG interface to implement access to the board. Using master_write_memory and master_read_memory within system console, you can get about 600kbps (73kB/s) transfer rate.

Cheers,

Dave

--- Quote Start ---

Can you confirm that its the PC that is the problem? Perhaps it is the FPGA. If the RS232 interface does not implement the CTS/RTS handshake wires, then you could be overrunning your buffers in the FPGA. What is processing your RS232 data; is it a state machine, or a NIOS II processor?

The tutorial I linked to shows how to use the JTAG interface to implement access to the board. Using master_write_memory and master_read_memory within system console, you can get about 600kbps (73kB/s) transfer rate.

Cheers,

Dave

--- Quote End ---

Hi Dave,

Thanks again for your help.

Well, I am using a State Machine not NIOS. This is why I want to switch to NIOS maybe I will be get a better luck. I am not implementing any handshake protocol !

I am just using an 115200 8N1 with no applied protocol! Is this bad?

Here is my code (its a code I got from the net :oops: )

{

module async_receiver(clk, RxD, RxD_data_ready, RxD_data, RxD_endofpacket, RxD_idle);

input clk, RxD;

output RxD_data_ready; // onc clock pulse when RxD_data is valid

output [7:0] RxD_data;

parameter ClkFrequency = 100000000; // 50MHz

//parameter ClkFrequency = 27000000; // 27MHz

parameter Baud = 115200;

//parameter Baud = 9600;

// We also detect if a gap occurs in the received stream of characters

// That can be useful if multiple characters are sent in burst

// so that multiple characters can be treated as a "packet"

output RxD_endofpacket; // one clock pulse, when no more data is received (RxD_idle is going high)

output RxD_idle; // no data is being received

// Baud generator (we use 8 times oversampling)

parameter Baud8 = Baud*8;

parameter Baud8GeneratorAccWidth = 16;

parameter Baud8GeneratorInc = ((Baud8<<(Baud8GeneratorAccWidth-7))+(ClkFrequency>>8))/(ClkFrequency>>7);

reg [Baud8GeneratorAccWidth:0] Baud8GeneratorAcc;

always @(posedge clk) Baud8GeneratorAcc <= Baud8GeneratorAcc[Baud8GeneratorAccWidth-1:0] + Baud8GeneratorInc;

wire Baud8Tick = Baud8GeneratorAcc[Baud8GeneratorAccWidth];

////////////////////////////

reg [1:0] RxD_sync_inv;

always @(posedge clk) if(Baud8Tick) RxD_sync_inv <= {RxD_sync_inv[0], ~RxD};

// we invert RxD, so that the idle becomes "0", to prevent a phantom character to be received at startup

reg [1:0] RxD_cnt_inv;

reg RxD_bit_inv;

always @(posedge clk)

if(Baud8Tick)

begin

if( RxD_sync_inv[1] && RxD_cnt_inv!=2'b11) RxD_cnt_inv <= RxD_cnt_inv + 1;

else

if(~RxD_sync_inv[1] && RxD_cnt_inv!=2'b00) RxD_cnt_inv <= RxD_cnt_inv - 1;

if(RxD_cnt_inv==2'b00) RxD_bit_inv <= 0;

else

if(RxD_cnt_inv==2'b11) RxD_bit_inv <= 1;

end

reg [3:0] state;

reg [3:0] bit_spacing;

// "next_bit" controls when the data sampling occurs

// depending on how noisy the RxD is, different values might work better

// with a clean connection, values from 8 to 11 work

wire next_bit = (bit_spacing==10);

always @(posedge clk)

if(state==0)

bit_spacing <= 0;

else

if(Baud8Tick)

bit_spacing <= {bit_spacing[2:0] + 1} | {bit_spacing[3], 3'b000};

always @(posedge clk)

if(Baud8Tick)

case(state)

4'b0000: if(RxD_bit_inv) state <= 4'b1000; // start bit found?

4'b1000: if(next_bit) state <= 4'b1001; // bit 0

4'b1001: if(next_bit) state <= 4'b1010; // bit 1

4'b1010: if(next_bit) state <= 4'b1011; // bit 2

4'b1011: if(next_bit) state <= 4'b1100; // bit 3

4'b1100: if(next_bit) state <= 4'b1101; // bit 4

4'b1101: if(next_bit) state <= 4'b1110; // bit 5

4'b1110: if(next_bit) state <= 4'b1111; // bit 6

4'b1111: if(next_bit) state <= 4'b0001; // bit 7

4'b0001: if(next_bit) state <= 4'b0000; // stop bit

default: state <= 4'b0000;

endcase

reg [7:0] RxD_data;

always @(posedge clk)

if(Baud8Tick && next_bit && state[3]) RxD_data <= {~RxD_bit_inv, RxD_data[7:1]};

reg RxD_data_ready, RxD_data_error;

always @(posedge clk)

begin

RxD_data_ready <= (Baud8Tick && next_bit && state==4'b0001 && ~RxD_bit_inv); // ready only if the stop bit is received

RxD_data_error <= (Baud8Tick && next_bit && state==4'b0001 && RxD_bit_inv); // error if the stop bit is not received

end

reg [4:0] gap_count;

always @(posedge clk) if (state!=0) gap_count<=0; else if(Baud8Tick & ~gap_count[4]) gap_count <= gap_count + 1;

assign RxD_idle = gap_count[4];

reg RxD_endofpacket; always @(posedge clk) RxD_endofpacket <= Baud8Tick & (gap_count==15);

endmodule

}

Pleasae let me know

--- Quote Start ---

Well, I am using a State Machine not NIOS. This is why I want to switch to NIOS maybe I will be get a better luck. I am not implementing any handshake protocol !

I am just using an 115200 8N1 with no applied protocol! Is this bad?

--- Quote End ---

That should work fine.

--- Quote Start ---

Here is my code (its a code I got from the net :oops: )

--- Quote End ---

Its very difficult to read code and see bugs (other than the obvious). You should really create a simulation and see if the code responds correctly to serial characters on its input and generates them on its output.

Cheers,

Dave

--- Quote Start ---

That should work fine.

Its very difficult to read code and see bugs (other than the obvious). You should really create a simulation and see if the code responds correctly to serial characters on its input and generates them on its output.

Cheers,

Dave

--- Quote End ---

Thanks Dave, you are the best :)

I have tested the transfer with few characters, it works perfect. The problem is when I transfer a big file. Sometimes, it works fine and transfer 100% of the file. Sometimes, it transfer 80% of the file?!!

so I think I want to switch to Nios, let me try the tutorial link you sent me and get back to you on this.

Mona