I don't have any answers for you, as I ran into some similar questions/uncertainties with some of the SPI stuff.
When it came to implementing a slave device, I ended up using the spi slave to avalon MM master found on the alterawiki site. I customized it for word/address size and simulated it so I understood how it worked. It seemed like a better starting point for me since there was some documentation. There must be a better way to use the altera SPI stuff but it wasn't obvious to me.
Hopefully you will get a more helpful response as I would like to know more as well.
Lance