Currently I just vnc into the machines (they're all centOS) and use the GUI locally. I dont think you're able to open Quartus on a machine and "farm off" the build to another machine. Basically you've got to be connected to the machine to set off a single build.
With DSE (design space explore) its slightly different. As this usually runs builds in parrallel, you can set up another machine as a "slave" machine. But you will still have at least 1 build running on the master machine (you can have up to 6 per machine). The Master packages up the project and sends it to the slave for processing, before the whole lot is sent back as a QAR file. This invokes all the shell commands for you, all you need to do is enter what seeds you want to explore.