Forum Discussion

Honored Contributor

20 years ago

Little Driver Module

Hello!

I want to compile this little programm:

#include <linux/module.h># include <linux/kernel.h># include <linux/init.h>
 
 static int __init hello_init(void)
 {
     printk("----------->Hello, world\n");
     return 0;
 }
 static void __exit hello_exit(void)
 {
     printk("------------>Goodbye, cruel world\n");
 }
 module_init(hello_init);
 module_exit(hello_exit);

with that makefile:

include Rules.mak
#  ECLIPSE_WORKSPACE := ECLIPSE_WORKSPACE := /cygdrive/c/Entwicklung/NIOS/workspace3
KERNEL_PROJECT := Linux_Kernel_full
BUILDDIR := $(ECLIPSE_WORKSPACE)/$(KERNEL_PROJECT)/build/include
CFLAGS += -O0 -g -I$(BUILDDIR)
all: hello.exe hello.gdb

But the compiler produce a lot of errors.

Here are some of the first:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/asm/siginfo.h:26:[c:/altera/../include/linux/signal.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/asm/div64.h:28:[c:/altera/../include/linux/jiffies.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h:102:[c:/altera/../include/linux/module.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h:12:[c:/altera/../include/linux/module.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h:15:[c:/altera/../include/linux/module.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h:19:[c:/altera/../include/linux/module.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h:23:[c:/altera/../include/linux/module.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h:27:[c:/altera/../include/linux/module.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h:31:[c:/altera/../include/linux/module.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h:32:[c:/altera/../include/linux/module.h]

error: field `entry' has incomplete type[c:/altera/../include/linux/timer.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/jiffies.h:386[c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/jiffies.h:9:[c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h]

error: parse error before "wait_queue_head_t"[c:/altera/../include/linux/completion.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/cpumask.h:78:[c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h]

in inclusion c:/altera/../include/linux/cpumask.h:81[c:/altera/../include/linux/sched.h]

error: field `pid_chain' has incomplete type[c:/altera/../include/linux/pid.h]

error: field `pid_list' has incomplete type[c:/altera/../include/linux/pid.h]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Does somebody have an idea what is going wrong?

Bye, Lothar.

11 Replies

Altera_Forum
Honored Contributor
20 years ago
Hi Lothar,

you nearly got it, you need to change it a little bit

ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)# kbuild part of makefile
obj-m := driver.o

else# Normal Makefile

KERNELDIR := $(KERNEL_PLUGIN)/linux-2.6.x

all::
$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=`pwd`

endif

KERNEL_PLUGIN is the installationpath of the linux distro

Best Regards
Altera_Forum
Honored Contributor
20 years ago
Hi Helmchen & all!

I reduce the above example a little bit, to avoid unnecessary errors:

include Rules.mak ECLIPSE_WORKSPACE := /cygdrive/c/Entwicklung/NIOS/workspace3 KERNEL_PROJECT := Linux_Kernel_full KERNEL_PLUGIN:= /cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0 BUILDDIR := $(ECLIPSE_WORKSPACE)/$(KERNEL_PROJECT)/build/include KERNELDIR := $(KERNEL_PLUGIN)/linux-2.6.x CFLAGS += -O0 -g -I$(BUILDDIR) all: make -C $(KERNELDIR) M=`pwd`

But there are still 2 errors:
make -C /cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x M=`pwd`
make[1]: Entering directory `/cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x'
Makefile:486: .config: No such file or directory
Makefile:531: /cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x/arch/i386/Makefile: No such file or directory
make[1]: *** No rule to make target `/cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x/arch/i386/Makefile'.
make[1]: Failed to remake makefile `/cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x/arch/i386/Makefile'.
/cygdrive/c/Entwicklung/NIOS/workspace3/hello_driver_linux/Makefile:1: Rules.mak: No such file or directory
make[2]: *** No rule to make target `Rules.mak'.
make[2]: Failed to remake makefile `Rules.mak'.
Building modules, stage 2.
/cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x/scripts/Makefile.modpost:38: .config: No such file or directory
make[2]: *** No rule to make target `.config'.
make[2]: Failed to remake makefile `.config'.
MODPOST
scripts/mod/modpost: not found
make[2]: *** [__modpost] Error 127
make[2]: Target `_modpost' not remade because of errors.
make[1]: *** [modules] Error 2
make[1]: Target `_all' not remade because of errors.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x'
make: *** [all] Error 2
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Have somebody an idea what is the reason for these errors?

Bye, Lothar.
Altera_Forum
Honored Contributor
20 years ago
Hi Lothar

you're almost there...

a) you do not need rules.mak in your file

http://forum.niosforum.com/work2/style_emoticons/<#EMO_DIR#>/cool.gif You are building for an i386 architecture. Look a bit closer at error log. there is something like
<div class='quotetop'>QUOTE </div>
--- Quote Start ---
Makefile:531: /cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x/arch/i386/Makefile[/b]
--- Quote End ---

You must tell the Kbuild-Sys that you want to build for Nios:
When you are defining a make target with 'Create new make tage', the command line should look like
ARCH=nios2nommu CROSS_COMPILE=nios2-elf- all

but its just one way to do...

c) about the modpost i don't know... maybe this error goes away, when you have done the changes above.

Best Regards
Altera_Forum
Honored Contributor
20 years ago
Hi all

I have the same problems. Have a look at the previous thread. Hope this helps

makefile for simple linux device driver (http://www.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=2411)

Rual
Altera_Forum
Honored Contributor
20 years ago
Hi!

Thank you Rual. I followed your advice to look at thread
makefile for simple linux device driver (http://www.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=2411)

And I change my makefile in this way:
ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)# kbuild part of makefile obj-m := hello.o else# Normal Makefile KERNEL_PLUGIN:= /cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0 KERNELDIR := $(KERNEL_PLUGIN)/linux-2.6.x BUILDDIR := /cygdrive/c/Entwicklung/NIOS/workspace3/hello_driver_linux all:: $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=`pwd` O=$(BUILDDIR) -o $@ endif

I have set the variables
ARCH := nios2nommu
CROSS_COMPILE := nios2-elf-
as enviroment variables.

These all cause a lot of compiler errors, which are propably caused by path problems. I show you only the start and the end of all compiler errors:

/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h:1174: error: `task_unmapped_base' undeclared (first use in this function)
/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h:1175: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type
/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h:1176: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type
/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h: at top level:
/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h:1180: error: parse error before "pid"
/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h:1180: warning: function declaration isn't a prototype
/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h:1181: error: parse error before "pid"
/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h:1181: warning: function declaration isn't a prototype
/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h: in function `freeze_processes':
/cygdrive/c/../linux/sched.h:1209: warning: implicit declaration of function `bug'
in file included from /cygdrive/c/../linux/module.h:13,
from /cygdrive/c/entwicklung/nios/workspace3/hello_driver_linux/hello.c:1:
/cygdrive/c/../linux/stat.h:6:22: asm/stat.h: no such file or directory
in file included from /cygdrive/c/../linux/module.h:13,
from /cygdrive/c/entwicklung/nios/workspace3/hello_driver_linux/hello.c:1:
.............
.............
.............
/cygdrive/c/../linux/stat.h:70: error: storage size of `ctime' isn't known
{standard input}: assembler messages:
{standard input}:359: error: symbol `seq' is already defined
{standard input}:407: error: symbol `sem_nsems' is already defined
{standard input}:428: error: symbol `lock' is already defined
{standard input}:1159: error: symbol `flags' is already defined
{standard input}:1504: error: symbol `files' is already defined
{standard input}:1696: error: symbol `blocks' is already defined
make[3]: *** [/cygdrive/c/entwicklung/nios/workspace3/hello_driver_linux/hello.o] error 1
make[3]: target `__build' not remade because of errors.
make[2]: *** [_module_/cygdrive/c/entwicklung/nios/workspace3/hello_driver_linux] error 2
make[2]: target `_all' not remade because of errors.
make[1]: leaving directory `/cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x'
make[1]: *** [_all] error 2
make: *** [all] error 2

Do somebody have an idea how can I avoid these errors?

Bye, Lothar.

Altera_Forum

Honored Contributor

20 years ago

If you follow the whole thread you would see that the -o $@ is wrong

Try this

ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)#  kbuild part of makefile
obj-m := hello.o
else#  Normal Makefile
KERNEL_PLUGIN:= /cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0
KERNELDIR := $(KERNEL_PLUGIN)/linux-2.6.x
BUILDDIR := /cygdrive/c/Entwicklung/NIOS/workspace3/hello_driver_linux
all::
$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=`pwd` O=$(BUILDDIR) modules
endif

You should note that BUILDDIR should be the (COMPILED_LINUX_KERNEL)/build directory. Also insert the ARCH and CROSS_COMPILE variables in the IDE make_target make field.

Altera_Forum
Honored Contributor
20 years ago
Hi Rual!

Now I have try to follow strictly the threat
makefile for simple linux device driver (http://www.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=2411)

My result is this makefile:

ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)# kbuild part of makefile obj-m := hello.o else# Normal Makefile KERNEL_PLUGIN:= /cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0 KERNELDIR := $(KERNEL_PLUGIN)/linux-2.6.x BUILDDIR := /cygdrive/c/Entwicklung/NIOS/workspace3/Linux_Kernel_full/build all:: $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=`pwd` O=$(BUILDDIR) modules endif

Compiler output is:
make -k all
make: nothing to be done for `all'.

And no build output was generated.

Could it be that something is going wrong with pathes.
I have three pathes belonging to the driver I want to build:
1) Path to kernel sources, provided by microtronix. It's:
/cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0

2) Path to kernel I have compiled. It's:
/cygdrive/c/Entwicklung/NIOS/workspace3/Linux_Kernel_full

3) Path to driver sources:
/cygdrive/c/Entwicklung/NIOS/workspace3/hello_driver_linux

Bye, Lothar.
Altera_Forum
Honored Contributor
20 years ago
Hello!

Ups! I've forget a TAB-sign ahead the make command in Makefile.

Now the compiler produce this:
make -k all
make -c /cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x m=`pwd` o=/cygdrive/c/entwicklung/nios/workspace3/linux_kernel_full/build modules
make[1]: entering directory `/cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x'
no emulation specific options.
building modules, stage 2.
modpost
scripts/mod/modpost: not found
make[3]: *** [__modpost] error 127
make[3]: target `_modpost' not remade because of errors.
make[2]: *** [modules] error 2
make[1]: *** [modules] error 2
make[1]: leaving directory `/cygdrive/c/altera/kits/nios2/bin/eclipse/plugins/com.microtronix.nios2linux.kernel_1.4.0/linux-2.6.x'
make: *** [all] error 2

The modpost.exe is in directory
$(BUILDDIR)\scripts\mod

I think it should be found there, but it's not working?

Bye, Lothar.
Altera_Forum
Honored Contributor
20 years ago
Hi

It seems that your 'stage 1' compilation is now working fine. After you compiled it like this, the modpost sh%^ is something to do with the spaces, tabs or linefeeds in the modules.symvers file generated in your COMPILED_KERNEL/build dir.

Now open the IDE shell and browse to that dir. Then type in something like
blabla/../bla >dos2unix modules.symvers

Then compile the driver again. This is a lot of shlep, I know. Hopefully your outputs will be generated.

Good luck

Rual
Altera_Forum
Honored Contributor
20 years ago
Hi !

I have convert module.symvers into UNIX format, but the result of building remains the same.

I don't think that module.symvers can cause such a build error. File module.symvers works fine when I build the kernel.

As we can see in threath makefile for simple linux device driver (http://www.niosforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=2411) the error with wrong file format has number 127 and not not 139.
This is another hint, that the problems of building are not caused by missing UNIX format of files.

Bye, Lothar.

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Little Driver Module

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