One segment vs two segment State Machine style

Altera choses one hot by default as it has better timing performance. IIRC, it will chose numerical (ie a count sequence) for when Nstates > 32 or 64 (cant remember which). You can chose either of these encoding methods, or grey-code, via attributes in your VHDL. You can even specify what code to give to specific states if you really want, again via attributes so you can keep your state type without using std_logic_vector.