you dont really need to worry about states other than 1 and 0 - they will show up easily in simulation and will be a sign something isnt right. if an X occured, then the synthesisor would fail anyway as it doesnt allow two signals to drive the same bus.
As for basics, an adder is very basic, and can probably build a better one than you can, so +1 is just fine. it is also much more abstract and ports across chips and vendors. A hand build adder for one chip may not be optimal for another - let the synthesisor do the hard work for you - you just get on with easy to read code.