Hi,
It depends on where do you put those lines.
1. If you put this in clocked process like this
process(reset_n, clk0)
begin
if reset_n='0' then
signal_1_synch <= '0';
signal_2_synch <= '0';
elsif (clk0'event and clk0 = '1') then
signal_1_synch <= signal_0_synch;
signal_2_synch <= signal_1_synch;
end if;
end process;
signal_2_synch will be 2 clock cyle delayed version of signal_0_synch.
2. If you write outside clocked proces like this
signal_1 <= signal_0;
signal_2 <= signal_1;
signal_2 would be same as signal_0.
Se image attached image:
https://www.alteraforum.com/forum/attachment.php?attachmentid=13296 So no it will not keep its value for two clock cycles.