problem about SOPC user-define peripheral

What stands out is that your are trying to access offset 0x30 meanwhile your component only has a span of 16 bytes. Also when you are doing your address decode you are using decimal like 0010 for example instead of binary 4'b0010.

I'm not quite following what you are trying to do but if your statemachine is supposed to be linear why not just make that a counter? Then decode the counter values independently. Split your read/write logic away from your statemachine (counter) so that you are not attempting to do everything from within a single always block. It'll be much easier to understand and probably faster and smaller in terms of the hardware that gets synthesized.