Ok. So, from what can see the problem is as follows
The SDRAM launches data at the rising edge of sdram_sys_clk_pin (@13 ns) and the register captures it at the next rising edge of pll|c0 (@16 ns).
So, you only have 3 ns to absorb the delays. Which, as Cris said, will never work. $SDRAM_ACCESS eats up 5.40 ns alone. Plus pin to register delay, clock skew and uncertainty. All in all, you're 7.256 ns short.
What you need to to is change the -3ns phase shift value into something else, in order to have more time. -10.256ns does look promising.
But 0 is probably the best starting point.