First, "DE10 Nano" is not an FPGA per se, it is a development board with a CycloneV 5CSEBA6 device with a dual core ARM HPS.
TerASIC (the maker) has ported linux to it, so running Python on the ARM cpu is a no brainer.
Refer to: https://www.terasic.com.tw/cgi-bin/page/archive.pl?CategoryNo=165&No=1046&PartNo=1
Cyclone10GX is more complicated, there is no embedded CPU option. So you would have to use a soft core CPU design.
Arria10GX is similar to Cyclone10GX; no embedded hard CPU option. So again a soft core CPU design would be required.
OTOH the Arria10SX variation has an embedded dual core ARM hard CPU.
TerASIC has a development board with a linux port for this board also.
Refer to: https://www.terasic.com.tw/cgi-bin/page/archive.pl?CategoryNo=216&No=997&PartNo=1
Do you expect to run Python code on a basic FPGA without either an embedded hard CPU or a soft core CPU?
There is this: https://pycpu.wordpress.com/ which basically is small CPU design that runs a subset of Python code
in an FPGA. It translates Python to an intermediate form and uses a soft core processor to run the Python code.
Lastly, if what you want to run is Python programs, why use an FPGA at all? A small RaspberryPi or equivalent CPU board
would do just as well and be a lot more cost effective and easier to use. Python programming and FPGA programming
are really two very different subjects and not really related.