I'm continuing to try different combinations of connections and elements, but what it basically boils down to is this: I can only assign one IO type to the GPIO expansion header - either input, output, or bidirectional - or quartus will not make the pin assignments. If I assign a switch to GPIO[0] for example, and ground all the other pins then it makes the assignment just fine and the programmed board works - I can toggle voltage at the pin using the switch. If I try to assign any other IO type to any other pin, input or bidirectional, quartus will not assign the pin. The project compiles but when programmed to the board nothing works. I tried to do everything as bidirectional IO types as a workaround and it will make the assignments just fine, but the input instead of detecting voltage, is supplying constant voltage and only detecting when I ground the pin externally. The led indicated in the project file and images I've attached previously stays lit constantly as though there were a source attached to it, only going out when I ground the pin. I don't really understand why things are behaving this way.