d5m camera 12 bit information

The on-chip ADC of the D5M image sensor is 12 bits. There are a number of things you have to take into account to use this. The signal to noise ratio will depend on the light intensity, exposure time etc...

You will normally not get a signal to noise ratio of 12 bits with this camera. But the dynamic range of 12 bits could be used to sense different levels of global light intensities.

The Verilog comparison that you are making can be done, but the color detection will very much depend on the global luminance level of your signal.

Making a comparison with 4000 means that your iRed RED signal needs to be saturated.