Quartus: Calling a sub circuit twice. How to use exact same post-fit placement and route

Yes. If you are using the Pro edition, you can use the design block reuse flow. If you are using the Standard edition, you can do something similar with incremental compilation. See the block-based design user guide here: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/programmable/products/design-software/fpga-design/quartus-prime/user-guides.html

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