I would make those 0, 1, 2 values inputs into your module and then drive them using a PIO from SOPC Builder. The PIO is memory mapped so Nios II can write to it using a memory write operation. You could use a single PIO for all three values if they don't need to be wide or use three separate PIOs.
If you take a look at the Nios II design examples you'll find a bunch of them that use PIOs to drive values out to pins connected to LEDs. Instead of driving pins you would drive the signals into your own module.
Now with all that said if you have a big lookup table with many cases to evaluate I would use an onchip memory for this. One port of the onchip memory you could use an Avalon-MM slave port and the other port would have 'data_in' connected to the address port. The output from the second port would connect to 'data_out'. This is a more logic efficient method and it should hit a much higher clock frequency too.