My external SRAM is 516K by 16 bits, so I should be ok on size, right? I keep wondering about things like ground bounce, bad address and/or data lines, etc. as the memory chip is on an add-on daughter card. I've tested the memory with a straight hardware solution that did not involve Nios II or even Qsys. I've also tested it with System Console using a tcl script to exercise the SRAM. Also, when running a Nios II app the elf file always loads and verifies with no problem.
The corrupted text is always the same. I would think that a timing issue would yield variable results.
I've shifted the address lines and got exactly the same results. I may try shuffling the data lines to see what that does.
The 5 MHz JTAG UART was just a temporary test. Otherwise I have been running the entire system at 50 MHz. I do notice that if I crank up the system clock to 100 MHz it has trouble reading the System ID and Timestamp.