ADCs usually have a serial interface, spi or i2c, so you must refer to your adc datasheet and find out what you exactly need.
When you have gathered the information about required signals and communicaiton protocol, you have to implement it into your fpga system.
Here you have two options, assuming you use Nios inside a sopc builder or Qsys design.
- use a PIO and bit bang the required serial protocol; this is very simple but not very efficient if you need performance
- add the specific serial interface component into sopc/Qsys, then use the HAL driver or write your own.