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You'll have to read the MAX V handbook.
They should be tri-stated, since their function has not been defined.
Your pull-up will define the power-on state with a blank device.
You can also program the devices prior to assembly. There are TQFP and BGA sockets available.
For small numbers of boards, its easier just to use the JTAG to program the boards.
Cheers,
Dave
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Searching for the word "unprogrammed" in the databook lead me to this:
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The programmable pull-up resistor is active during power-up, in-system programming (ISP), and if the device is unprogrammed
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So since the pull-up resistor is active it means the device must be tri-stated.
I'm a bit confused by what you mean by
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Your pull-up will define the power-on state with a blank device.
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How would my pull up resistors define the default state of the device?