It simply means you must wait at least 4us before trusting the data that comes from the CDR. I too feel the wording is poor. Perhaps more appropriate - 'tLTD is the time to wait for the receiver CDR to start recovering valid data...'.
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Does it mean CDR MUST not lock to data within 4 us?
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No. However, the data is only guaranteed to be correct 4us after 'rx_is_lockedtodata' signal goes high.
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How can I get the maximum value of tLTD?
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Assuming what I've already written is true, this is no longer relevant.
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Is the receiving data ALWAYS correct after tLTD?
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Subject to all conditions remaining within the parameters defined in the datasheet - yes - that should hold true.
Cheers,
Alex